*Citation of definitions can be referred to respective write up and bibliography*

 

A Beginner's Guide to Gullah Creole Definitions:

 

Gullah- Term used to describe the people, culture, and language. Originated from various West African countries after being forced into the American slave trade. Used interchangeably with the term Geechee

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Pidgin Languages- a grammatically simple language that takes the vocabulary from the social elite but uses the grammatical structures of the less prestigious and more frequently spoken languages

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Codeswitch- shifting completely to the other language for a word, phrase, or sentence

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Syntactic- Grammatical structure

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Phonetic- the sounds of the natural language

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Substratum- the building blocks of the creole language, generally not the “social elite”

 

Lexicon- Vocabulary

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The Waiting Game Definitions:

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Transitional Model- of bilingual education model that uses the L1 of minority language students in the early stages of schooling but aims to shift students away from the use of their L1 as quickly as possible towards the greater use of the majority (L2) language, in order to “cope” academically in “mainstream” or general education

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L1- Native Language

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Subtractive Bilingualism- occurs when the ongoing use of a person’s L1 is seen as “harmful” to the “successful” acquisition and use of the dominant or majority second language (L2) at the individual level, while the maintenance of the L1 is seen as problematic at the wider societal level.

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Two Way Immersion Program- programs where there is equal amount of L1 and L2 language speakers, support the learning of each other’s languages

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